Hello, Steemians
Probably many of us love to raise animals. One of them is a goat. Yes, goat rearing. Grew up raising goats is one of the part-time profession as well as major jobs as carpenters, carpenters or other workers. Among them many are raising goats. How do you raise a good goat?
I'm trying to share the information I got from: https://alamtani.com/panduan-umum-ternak-kambing/
Goat is one of the major livestock animals besides cows. Unlike cattle herds, in Indonesia goat herds are still traditionally cultivated.
The two main focus of the goat herd is on meat and dairy. Some types of goat such as etawa are actually producing milk. Goat milk products are valued more than cattle.
It's just that goat milk production is not as sensitive as dairy cows. Most are still treated as side products. Where the main purpose is to produce meat.
Know the types of goats
Generally goats are distinguished by their local and external types. But in fact many of them are mixed-race, aka not really pure. For more details on goat types, read the article Breeding goat types.
Local goat
The most commonly known type of local goat is peanut goat. Although the posture is small compared to the outer goats, the peanuts include tough livestock. Its adaptability to tropical diseases and climates is beyond doubt.
Beans are also not fussy, with proper care they can still grow well. Reproduction is easy and productive. Even though the food is not hard, this goat likes a lot of greens. This breed is very similar to the traditional farmers / breeders who raise goats as a side. No wonder most farmers choose peanut herds.
Goat import
Imported goats or external goats refer to the type of goat brought from abroad. It is usually brought to improve the efficiency of the livestock business. Some are formally issued by the government, some are done by breeders or farmers.
There are many types of imported goats in Indonesia, including goats from India, boer goats from South Africa and other goats from Switzerland. These goats have a relatively larger body posture than the local goats. Some of them, like goats and dairy goats, are productive milkers.
The weakness of these imported goats is that their adaptation to the climate in Indonesia is not so good. This situation is widely investigated by trying to cross it with local goats.
Mixed goat
Mixed goats are the result of a cross between a local goat and an import goat. Livestock breeders and research institutions are trying to cross these goats with the aim of gaining the superiority of imported goats and local goat resistance.
The most widely known types of mixed-breed goats include the role of etawa (PE) and the goat goat. Goat breeding goats were obtained from the cross-breed goat goat rearing goats. While the goat is a cross between the role of etawa and the goat.
The Ministry of Agriculture recently released a cross-breed between a boer goat and a goat named Boerka. This type of goat is claimed to have a slender body such as a boer goat and adaptability as well as a bean. Farmers do not have to worry about the problem of care, because taking care of this goat is as easy as taking care of a peanut.
Boerka goat
Boerka goats are made up of boer goats and peanut goats.
Prepare a goat's cage
There are two types of cages for breeding goats, colony type and individual breeds. In a colony type a goat colony is blocked in a large room. Each room is filled with 3-10 goats. While individual types in one room are only filled by one goat. Individual types are usually intended for intensive maintenance.
Goat General Guide
Individual type goat, one room for one goat. Suitable for intensive maintenance.
Choosing goat seed
The choice of seed for goat herds should be tailored to the initial intention of cultivation. Is the purpose just to get the meat or to get the milk? Then decide on the types of goats that are suitable for that purpose. But there are generally some benchmarks in choosing female and male hosts.
Good female
His body is large but not fat, his body is compact and compact, his back and waist straight.
His eyes are warm and clear.
Straight legs and high heels.
Complete tooth.
Of good lineage, its origins are known as productivity, disease history and so on.
The nipple is 2, the symmetrical edges do not hang.
Good male
The body is big and long, looks strong, the chest broad, not too fat.
Have libido or lust for high marriage.
The legs look sturdy and straight.
The offspring of the twins are better.
Between 1.5 and 3 years old.
Raising goats
Goat breeding can be grown in traditional, semi-intensive and intensive ways. The traditional way is usually done in the countryside and livestock activities are subsistent or not primary.
Traditionally, goats are generally grass-fed or released in areas of high fertility, or raised. In the afternoon or after the new goat was driven back to the barn. So the provision of feed by the breeders is lighter because during the pasture the goats have eaten.
While intensive and semi-intensive methods are usually performed in limited areas. Goats are raised forever in cages. The breeders provide for their needs at all times.
a. Food & Drink preparation
Goats love the greens in the form of foliage, as opposed to sheep that prefer grass. These greens are the basic feed of goats. Get the kind of greens that goats love, including lemongrass, gamal, jackfruit, and so on.
Greens should reach 3% of their body weight, measured in dry conditions. When the leaves are wet or fresh, they make up about 10-15% of their body weight.
In addition to greens, goats should be given additional feed in the form of concentrates. This additional feed can be either a factory-made or self-made feed. Goats usually prefer concentrates from soybeans, broths, and fish flour. The concentration of goat meat at least has 16% protein content.
Concentration is very important when a goat is pregnant or after childbirth. At that time the goats were in dire need of nutrients for their breeding. The dosage is about 1.5% of her body weight.
In addition to greens and concentrates, goat herd needs vitamins and minerals. In factory-made concentrates usually vitamins and minerals are added. Vitamins and minerals can also be given separately.
Goats need about 1.5 to 2.5 liters of water a day. Water supply is generally not restricted. Water can be provided all the time and is added when you run out. Water should be replaced daily with clean. Exactly the water should also be controlled to keep it clean.
b. Sheep raising
The most important thing to be taught in the livestock industry is the maintenance of the herds and the goats themselves. Goats should always be clean, dirt is cleaned 1-2 times a day. Because poop can be the place where seeds of disease develop.
Before being put into a cage it is good to have a goat checked for health. Free the worm parasite parasite by giving worm medicine. Also bathe the goat before putting it in for the first time.
Specifically for dairy goats such as goat milk, milk fermentation can take as little as 4-7 days to give birth. Frequency of detention can be done 2 times a day, morning and evening.
The protective equipment should be sterile, the best material being steinless steel or glass. Also clean the nipples with warm water before squeezing them.
c. Goat reproduction
A good goat can be born at least 3 times a year. The female goat will experience mating at 6-10 months. However it is advisable to start mating at the age of 10-12 months or when the weight has reached 55-60 kg which is first achieved.
Goats who are in bad shape will show signs of dizziness, appetite and drowsiness, frequent flapping of the tail, frequent urination, swollen genitals, and silence when they are on the male. Sheep cycle usually takes 17-21 days, lasting 24-45 hours.
Goat pregnancy time is 144-156 days. The period of childbirth and rest is about 2 months.